441/199. Try Now! Payment using Credit Card/Debit Card through the UPOU Online Payment Gateway (As of 22 September 2023, this payment scheme is unavailable at the moment) Step 1: Request a transaction link according to a specific service or process. Reducing preventable hospital readmissions is a national priority for payers, providers, and policymakers seeking to improve health care and lower costs. 2% in HRRP announcement phase which then increased to 8. former UPOU students who have returned from absence without leave (AWOL). Email the successful transaction receipt to registration@upou. Admission is when you apply for a program, while enrollment or registration is when you are accepted as a UPOU student and are enrolling for courses. Modified on: Wed, Mar 17, 2021 at 4:32 PM. inquirer. 0 or better. Academic Support. Guidelines in Preparing the Information Systems Capstone Project. Modified on: Fri, Jul 24, 2020 at 12:18 PM. UPOU Admission 2023-2024. Ngayon nagwowork ako as a Virtual Assistant at nag aaral mag code kapag may freetime kasi gusto ko magka career sa tech. ph. Credit card payments are done through the UPOU Online Payment Gateway. The 30-day readmission rate of CHF patients was reduced in half after the implementation of our project, with a 14% readmission rate for our study patients compared to 28% in 2017. Visit their website at for the deadline for filing of [email protected]. The overall 30-day all-cause readmission rate remained stable at 13. Application for Readmission Created by MIS Program Support, Modified on Thu, 28 Sep 2023 at 11:12 PM by MIS Program Support To apply for Readmission, you must accomplish the following: Step 1: Mail or bring all application requirements to: The Records Section. Section 3025 of the Affordable Care Act added section 1886 (q) to the Social Security Act, establishing the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program, which is a Medicare value-based purchasing program that encourages hospitals to improve communication and care coordination to better engage patients and caregivers in discharge plans and, in turn. , and E. A. Dean's Office: [email protected] Faculty Secretary: [email protected] Student Support:. You can easily access those information here in the UPOU Helpdesk. Step 2: Wait for an email from admissions of the UPOU Office of the University Registrar notifying you of the result of. A student may transfer to the UPOU from another constituent university or vice versa subject to his or her fulfillment of the requirements for admission as a transfer student by the university to which he/she is transferring [approved during the 1 st UC Meeting: 12 May 1995; See Section E. Student Support; Financial Assistance; Student Council; Student. UPOU Student Portal is an online gateway where students can access the online registration system (ORS), view their grades, request for documents and update their contact information. D. Credit card payments are done through the UPOU Online Payment Gateway. Time Limit for Completion of a Degree: Residency Requirement. Please visit for the online application procedures. Application for Honorable Dismissal. My requirements will be mailed in locally since my parents are applying on my behalf. Are there anything else that I need to cover? You’re on the right track. Read the news everyday too. Predictors of 30-day readmissions have been primarily identified using medical claims data. D. Checks can be made out to the University of Houston, 4434 University Drive, Houston, TX 77204. Modified on: Fri, Jul 31, 2020 at 12:25 PM. Upou Readmission UPOU FORM 5 UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES OPEN. 1 In 2012, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) implemented the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP), which aims to improve quality and reduce the cost of care through financial penalties for hospitals with a higher-than-expected rate of. Former students who have attended another institution since attending the University of the Philippines must qualify on the same basis as new transfer students. Sixty-one were in the. Monitor the progress of your application through the OAS. Faculty of Education Faculty O. , M. or email scanned copies to records@upou. 3% (p=0. yan kasi yung date of enrollment. Semester Schedule: The following graduate programs do NOT have 2nd Trimester/Semester intake/admission: DCS, GCAS, MAS, MIS, MDC, DIH, MIH, MAN,. Hi! Looking for yall's opinions sa Diploma in Computer Science (DCS) from UPOU. Important Safety Reminders for the UPOU Online Registration for the 2nd Semester AY 2019-2020* For UPOU students who will be enrolling for 2nd Semester AY 2019-2020*, please take note of the following important safety reminders: The Student Portal is currently on system maintenance and will have limited functionality at this time. Short URL. edu. Hope this helps. Print copy of the signed application for admission form generated from the Online Application System. for the general qualifications for. Assistant Professor Luisa A. No student shall be denied admission to the University System by reason of age, sex, nationality, religious belief, or political affiliations [from Art. Did you find it helpful?UPOU AIMS Scheduled Maintenance on 27 November 2023 8AM to 5PM. . An approved application for readmission is necessary to be readmitted to the program. 00 PhP 500. , “Reducing all. Submission of Appeals (CSAPG, GSAPAW, USAPAW) Submission of Publishable Article; Waiver of Charges and Fees under RA 11261 (First Time Jobseekers Act) Student Affairs. The Associate of Arts/Science programs of UPOU are two-year pre-baccalaureate degree programs that ladderize to Baccalaureate. penalize hospitals for “excess” readmissions when compared to “expected” levels of readmissions, beginning on Oct. They face financial penalties for higher-than-average readmission rates within 30 days for Medicare patients who have certain chronic. Sheila R. Only the following students are eligible to enroll at UP Open University: Newly admitted students; Continuing students; Cross-Enrollees; and Non-Degree students. Section 1: 1. I am an UPCAT passer and have credited units already from a UP campus here in the visayas. Step 1: A student files an online application for LOA and uploads proof of payment through the Student Portal ( on or before the set deadline. Nakareceive na po ba kayo ng admission acceptance? MENRM degree course ko. The UP Open University (UPOU) further operationalizes its gender diversity and inclusivity principles. usual care group, was: 15. In a large retrospective cohort study conducted in the United States, patients with an AMA discharge were more likely to experience 30-day hospital readmission compared with routine discharge (25. The details of and instructions for taking the exam will be emailed by admissions. Clinical practicum experiences are application based. 247. This study aimed to. e. Have your most updated official transcript from all. The readmission application is part of the transfer application; answer the questions appropriately. The primary outcome, first occurrence of all-cause death or HF readmission by day 180, for the high-intensity care group vs. Readmitted students, i. UP Open University. Application period begins at the start of classes and ends a day after the deadline for filing of application for completion or removal (refer to the academic calendar for deadlines). Abstract. I understand na mas mababa siguro ang tingin sakin kapag nag-apply ako tapos DCS meron ako instead of a bachelor's degree (though feel free to correct me about this if untrue, haha). " This course is the second out of the three courses under the Technology for Teaching and Learning MOOC series. In the sample letter below, Emma was dismissed from college after she ran into academic trouble because of difficulties at home. Application begins after the deadline for the withdrawal of enrollment and ends a day after the deadline for filing of application for dropping (refer to the. Solution home UPOU Student References Student References. The courses are designed to cater to different learning styles. UPOU offers three (3) undergraduate, two (2). Proof of payment of application fee of P 225. Universal Accessibility. 00 PhP 500. Schedules related to comprehensive examinations are set by the Faculty of Study. Its research in this area has been diverse, covering the following topics: In addition, the University has also pursued research in other. Step 1: A student files an online application for LOA and uploads proof of payment through the Student Portal ( on or before the set deadline. The OUR will then. For more information about enrollment at UPOU, go to the Students apply for readmission and submit necessary requirements to the faculty office/ college. 3% (p = 0. Asst. Only the online registration is This UP Open University (UPOU) Helpdesk provides information you would find on the official UPOU website and microsites. has completed the UPOU Distance Education (DE) Readiness Module. Step 4 . Methods We conducted a retrospective, matched, case–control study. 9% in the HRRP penalty phase, respectively. If the student is on AWOL, he/she must apply for readmission. 1 APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION TO GRADUATE. 5 percent), and AMA discharge was an independent predictor of readmission across a wide range of diagnoses [ 97 ]. Visit their website at for the deadline for filing applications. The University aims to keep with the usual schedule of releasing the qualifiers list by April each year. In our study, the 30- and 90-day HF readmission rates were 7. Previous studies show telephone contact with patients post-discharge can reduce readmission rates. Pay the application fee of P225. Fri, 2 Aug, 2019 at 1:43 AM How do I enroll in courses outside the AA course offerings?The University of the Philippines Open University (UPOU) is one of the many campuses of the UP System; This platform, which pioneered distance education and open learning in the Philippines, is set to release 23 short courses—from social entrepreneurship to business analytics—including five additional multimedia production courses for. The general public can take these courses — even if you’re not a UP. Readmission from AWOL/LOA; Request for True Copy of Grades, Certificates, etc. Step 2: Select the term and select courses by clicking the course number/code. s. ph . In a large retrospective cohort study conducted in the United States, patients with an AMA discharge were more likely to experience 30-day hospital readmission compared with routine discharge (25. Refer to the following steps for guidance: Step 1: Request a transaction link according to the specific service or process. I'm applying for Associate of Arts in Digital. Last day today ng pag send ng admission notice pero up until now wala pa rin akong natatanggap :(( Pinasa ko naman lahat ng requirements on time comments sorted by Best Top New Controversial Q&A Add a Comment. ” 21 Readmission rates have been considered a hospital quality measure 22,23 and have been shown to reflect dimensions of quality of patient care. 1. The application for completion of EXT or removal of 4. 00: Validation Exam Fee: Enrollment Procedure Enrollment at UPOU is done using the online registration system (ORS) which can be accessed through the Student Portal. Payment of UPOU tuition and other student-related fees. Degree sought: 3. What are the admission requirements and procedures to the Professional Teaching Certificate program? Print. Jha, M. Instructions and Requirements : Accomplish the UPCA 2021 Appeals for Reconsideration for Admission to UP Open University form (this form will accept responses from 21-27 August 2021); and. An approved application for readmission is necessary to be readmitted to the program. A. 1, 2012. g. Rivera Associate in Arts Associate of Science in Instructional Design and Technology Celeste. n. Michael Lagaya, UPOU HRDO Chief AO (leftmost). Also, medyo worried po ako kasi sabi ng calendar ng UPOU nag-start po ang 1st trimester nila ng June, but ongoing pa rin po ang school year namin ng grade 12 around that time huhu. Los Baños, LagunaPhilippines, 4031 (+6349) 536-6001 to 06 local 710 [email protected]UPOU recently announced Associate of Arts in Digital Design and Art as its new program offering. How to enroll or register courses: Step 1: Log in to the Student Portal and access the Online Registration System (ORS). mundo@upou. Charisse T. ph and attach the supporting document/s, such as PSA authenticated birth certificate, marriage certificate, and the like. Twitter Facebook Pinterest Google+. Regarding readmission from AWOL, admission of new students, and/or returning from LOA. The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) is a Medicare value-based purchasing program that, for example, encourages hospitals to improve communication and care coordination to better engage patients and caregivers in discharge plans and, in turn, reduce avoidable readmissions. 1. Because of this, your application for cross-registration goes from the Program Chair, to the Faculty Secretary, to the Faculty Dean, to the Office of the University Registrar, and then finally to. Readmitted students, i. Office of the University Registrar. UPOU graduates 412. 500-word essay indicating your purpose for applying to the distance education programs and your plans after completion of graduate study at the UP Open. Application for Completion of EXT / Removal of 4. edu. Cross- Enrollee Students MIS Program Handbook. 00: Graduation Fee: Php 300. ) at UPOU. Serrano, PhD Dean OIC-Secretary to the Faculty aProf. Guidelines in Preparing the Information Systems Capstone Project. 00 USD 100. 3. Academic Procedures 20. Conclusion Patient education and measures to augment post-discharge follow-up appointments can lead to substantial reductions in the readmission rates of. Two-thirds of patients reported good discharge experiences. Students who wish to register at UCSB after having been absent for at least one quarter, lapsed, or withdrawn from a quarter must file a Request for Undergraduate Readmission or Reinstatement with the Office of the Registrar. The Tatak UPOU Video Presentation further motivated the students as they learned how UPOU opens up opportunities to the marginalized and disadvantaged and how it makes the slogan “ Pamantasang bukas para. The program supports the national goal of improving. Since its establishment, the University has spearheaded research in open and distance e-learning in the country. UP Open University will offer four new Associate programs this 2023. Meanwhile, only the following programs have admission exams: Bachelor. 13. Application for Non-Degree. ph MAN 2022-2022 2021 AND BELOW n/a Dr. Beginning with data year 2020, COVID-19-related hospitalizations may be identified by any-listed ICD-10-CM diagnosis code of "U071" (2019 novel coronavirus disease) on the discharge record. A nonrefundable application fee of $80 is required with all applications except applications for readmission (after priority deadlines, a $25 late fee will be added the $80 application fee). Pwede ko bang ihabol yung honorable dismissal via mail?To be sure, always visit this page for updates. Step 3: If required, complete the DERM. One recent 2”x2” colored photo (print complete name and program at the back) 3. . This involves making sure that agriculture and other natural resources are conserved and sustainably managed while reducing the risks of natural disasters. Step 1: Request a transaction link according to specific service or process. What are the admission deadlines? Can I still submit my requirements beyond the admission deadline? Please always refer to the UPOU admission deadlines, which. Application for Leave of Absence (LOA) Application for Make-up Examination. Application Form for Readmission. For MDE, no need to take UPCAT naman, pretty sure you get accepted as long as complete ang minail mong requirements. 2%, with individuals of other ethnicities readmitted at a rate of 33. 441/199 Did you find it helpful? Yes No. 01) and 14 days: 5% vs 9% (P=0. Different modes of fee payment are given below that cater to. The UPOU Faculty of Management & Development Studies will be conducting a Student Orientation for the new Associate of Arts in Digital Entrepreneurship (AADE) students, for the First Trimester, AY 2023-2024. Step 2: Mail or bring all application requirements at least one month before the registration schedule to:. ph. Applicants seeking transfer admission into the University have to satisfy the requirements of the University as well as those of the college/ degree program to which they seek to transfer. Students applying for a comprehensive exam must consult first their respective Program Chair for specific requirements that should be met before taking the comprehensive exam. To apply for Readmission, you must accomplish the following: Fill out the Application for Readmission Form. The link to the DERM will be emailed by admissions. The email for approved applications shall include details on how to do the enrollment online. For fees related to admission, registration, readmission, document requests, and graduation, request HERE. Readmission from AWOL/LOA; Request for True Copy of Grades, Certificates, etc. Established on 23 February 1995, the University of the Philippines – Open University (UPOU) pioneered online teaching and learning and continues to play a leading role in the study and practice of open learning and distance education in the Philippines. Noon. UPOU-CHED Training Program for Teachers on “Flexible Teaching and Learning: The Seamless Shift. Jayson Petras. PE, NSTP, theology and technical courses from a 2-year or tech voc program are excluded in the computation of units and GWA. ATTN: BAMS students who are AWOL, the Deadline for Readmission for 3rd Trimester 2016-2017 is this Saturday, February 4, 2017. The request is subject to the approval of the Faculty Dean as per recommendation by the Program Chair (PC). Before proceeding with the process, kindly read the admission requirements and qualifications of the program that you are applying for. I used both UPOU and UPD's learning management systems and mas okay sa. Even if I did almost everything online, there were moments in my UPOU experience when I really felt I was a UP student, such as the times I would have to go to a UP campus. While this system allows you to upload a copy of. , Ashish K. 3 This is consistent with the literature on congestive heart failure. Tuition and Other Fees Print. Office of the University Registrar. Los Baños, Laguna 4031. I already reached out to the FIC and most likely I would get EXT daw sa grade. Journal Format. Admission requirements & procedures to UPOU PTC program : UP Open University Helpdesk. The Professional Teaching Certification (PTC) program is a non-degree program designed for individuals who have completed a Bachelor’s degree in any field and who intend to teach at the secondary education level. Readmission Fee: PhP 225. It. Schedules related to comprehensive examinations are set by the Faculty of Study. 0 is done through the Student Portal. Information are arranged as "solution articles" in the "Solutions" tab or "Knowledge Base. The paper is organized as follows. The application for completion of EXT or removal of 4. Announcements 33. If you're the owner or representative of University of the Philippines Open University - UPOU, you can claim this University and build a better profile. 2% in HRRP announcement phase which then increased to 8. The UP Board of Regents has approved the implementation of the following programs: Associate of Science in Instructional Design and Technology. Step 2: Wait for an email from admissions of the UPOU Office of the University Registrar notifying you of the result of. bonito @upou. Arnold M. The intake schedule for BAMS is every 1st Trimester only. mvalviarThen hahabulin mo talaga mga tao na need mo to approve your readmission. Step 2: Wait for an email from the Faculty of Study or the Office of the University Registrar for the application results. 23. Step 1: Submit the accomplished request for change of information form by email to records@upou. ph about the status of your request. CMS compares a hospital’s 30-day readmission rate to the national average for Medicare patients. Please rate the applicant based on the following scale Characteristics Excellent Very Good Good Average Poor No basis for judgment Intellectual capacity Potential for success in major field Emotional stability Diligence and resourcefulness Responsibility and initiative Honesty and integrity Originality/Ingenuity Leadership. Beginning with data year 2020, COVID-19-related hospitalizations may be identified by any-listed ICD-10-CM diagnosis code of "U071" (2019 novel coronavirus disease) on the discharge record. The undergraduate readmission application is available online only. Step 3: If required, complete the DERM. OJTs/Interns for UPOU ICTDO. . The details of and instructions for taking the exam will be emailed by admissions. Email inquiries are being attended, but due to the high volume of emails the office is receiving, please patiently wait for our reply as we will get back to you at the soonest possible time. Distance Education (DE) Answers to Frequently Asked Questions The UP Open University or UPOU is the fifth autonomous university of the UP System. The institution of the Program was initiated and led by the then UP College of Public Administration. 48,49 The. Intake schedule for BAMS, DCS,. B. Lincoln International Business. - Www2 Upou Edu Get This Form Now! Use professional pre-built templates to fill in and sign documents online faster. Los Baños, LagunaPhilippines, 4031 (+6349) 536-6001 to 06 local 710 [email protected] UP Open University (UPOU) offers admission to degree programs in the Undergraduate, Graduate Certificate, Graduate Diploma, Masters, and Doctorate levels. freshdesk. Los Baños, Laguna 4031 Philippines. Announcements UPOU students who have returned from an official Leave of Absence (LOA). Proof of payment of application fee of P 225. Now imagine doing it online. I tried posting din sa UPOU community. This will serve as your proof of payment. ph WIKA 1 Wika, Kultura at Lipunan (REQUIRED GE) 3 Dr. edu. Find, edit, and fill out forms online. recommendations@upou. Only the following students are eligible to enroll at UP Open University: Newly admitted students; Continuing students; Cross-Enrollees; and Non-Degree students. Step 1: Apply for admission and upload the admission requirements through the Online Application System (OAS) before the deadline. Admission Policy. Wait for the email from the Office of the College Secretary (OSec) regarding the result of your. An approved application for readmission is necessary to be readmitted to the program. Application for and Issuance of Student ID. Browse the PDF forms library and edit the one you need online. Cross- Enrollee Students: Cross-Enrollees are students of other UP units or non-UP units who have been approved to enroll at UPOU. Admission to the UPOU Professional Teaching Certificate Program. Home; Merchant; Security; Forms; Terms and Conditions; Data Privacy Statement; Home; Merchant; Security; Forms; Terms & Conditions; Data. nokman25 •. Livelihoods and habitation in agricultural and. Again, ibang program ako pero ganun din yung ma eexpect mo sa OU. I did better in my F2F classes than when I was doing online classes! (I thought I wouldn't) 144. Introduction. Readmission rates based on demographic and social factors, medical comorbidities, and ejection fraction. ph. To enroll at UPOU as cross-enrollee, the student must secure an approved permit to cross-enroll/register form. H. Print. 0 is done through the Student Portal. Registration for. Step 1: Submit/Email the application requirements to your current Faculty of Study (FEd, FICS, or FMDS) two (2) weeks before the deadline for submission of application documents (refer to the academic calendar for deadlines). D. Massive open online courses, or MOOCs, are web-based courses open to the public for free and are designed for unlimited learner participation. edu. Important Information:Application for Readmission; Application for Shifting of Undergraduate Program; Application for Transfer of Graduate Program Application for Transfer of Credits; Application for University Clearance; Enrollment Procedure (Online) Enrollment Procedure (Manual) Request for Change of Student Information; Withdrawal of Enrollment and Refund of FeesAdmissions Answers to Frequently Asked Questions Only the following students are eligible to enroll at UP Open University: Newly admitted students; Continuing students; Cross-Enrollee students; and Non-Degree students. Background/Purpose Early unplanned hospital readmissions are burdensome health care events and indicate low care quality. Ans: Apply for Readmission If you are a continuing student but was not enrolled or on Leave of Absence during the current term, then you are on Absence. UPOU prides itself on offering the country’s most innovative undergraduate digital entrepreneurship program. 00 Applicants based Abroad USD 75. at the Centennial Center for Digital Learning (CCDL) Auditorium, UPOU Headquarters, Los Baños, Laguna. Foreign nationals. 1. Email registration@upou. Get an apostille instead if South Korea is a signatory to the Apostille convention. Career Path. Monitor the progress of your application through the OAS. For peso deposits, write UPOU Revolving Fund as the account name, and 399693100012 as the account number. How to apply for shifting of program: Step 1: Submit/Email the application requirements to your current Faculty of Study (FEd, FICS, or FMDS) on or before the deadline for submission of application documents (refer to the academic calendar for deadlines). This, as the Maritime Industry Authority (MARINA) and the University of the Philippines (UPOU) signed a memorandum of agreement (MOA) on Thursday, March 2, to elevate the delivery of maritime education. Master of ASEAN Studies. Monitor the progress of your application through the OAS. When I already established financial stability, I'm planning to take Master's Degree under OU as it is. UP Open University. 1 In recent years, the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has recognized the importance of30-day all-cause readmission rates for AMI, HF, and pneumonia: There was a significant decrease in readmission rates, between 2007 and 2014, for all three conditions in both safety-net and non-safety net hospitals. Request Form to Process Application for Completion (for Faculty Office use only) University Clearance. Then, I have already submitted my papers including F137 and F138 that I asked for UPOU admission this year, but only certified true copies lang since my school doesn’t allow me to have original copies unless enrolled ako mismo sa university. Faculty Office: [email protected]. Faculty office endorses the student’s application to OUR. 2 Revised March 2018 Requirements: 1. Aim #1: Reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) by reducing the number of ventilator days in the intensive care unit (ICU) by 20 percent. Los Baños, Laguna 4031 Philippines. Transfer of Credits Form. Admission to UPOU is open to the following: Philippine-based and offshore-based applicants. The details of and instructions for taking the exam will be emailed by admissions. COURSE) 3 Geezel Torres-Basmayor geezel. It was established through in 1995 to provide wider access to quality higher education through distance education. edu. Given the variability in implementation and barriers noted by clinicians to consistently perform processes, further reduction of readmissions will likely require new strategies to facilitate implementation of these evidence-based processes,. ph Phone: (+6349) 536-6001 to 06 local 332 Assistant to the Secretary to the Faculty aProf. The program supports the national goal of improving. edu. New Senior HS graduates or incoming freshmen should apply for admission through the UP College Admissions, Office of Admissions, Kalaw corner Quirino Street, U. Make sure to file your application for readmission by the said date, or. the ideal way is for your prof/employer to send it directly to upou by mail, then you can just upload online a blank doc with your note saying it has been mailed to them directly (that’s what my friend did) but there are instances that your prof/employer just give back the completed recommendation forms to you, which is also okay, then you. Learn More. Los Baños, Laguna 4031 Philippines. Thousands of document templates in one catalog. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Valencia West LRC Virtual Reference Desk (The Reference Stacks are arranged in Library of Congress Call Number Order. The information about the DERM will be included. Some schools do not provide TORs with remarks that are considered valid by UPOU. 001). The system will automatically display the assessment of fees once courses are selected. Email or phone: Password: Forgot account?. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) reported annual medical. I have filed my application online and sent them the. Ravi Raj, the founder and CEO of Authentica, at the UPOU Headquarters in Los Baños, Laguna. 00: Validation Exam Fee: Php 100. edu. The baccalaureate degree in nursing at the University of South Dakota is accredited by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education, 655 K Street, NW, Suite 750, Washington, DC 20001, 202-887-6791. edu. Application for Readmission Form. Hospital readmission is defined as “a hospital admission that occurs within a specified time frame after discharge from the first admission. Complete the Distance Education Readiness Module (DERM); instructions are included in the form. Monitor the progress of your application through the OAS. Bachelors in Education Studies and Bachelor of Arts in Multimedia Studies are the only undergraduate programs of the CU. Application for Completion of EXT / Removal of 4. Males had a readmission rate of 23. P.